Dependencies
MIDT Dependencies Tagset
Notation: this color is used for heads and this one for dependents.
Tag | Relation Type | Description | Examples |
---|---|---|---|
arg | argument | Relation between a verbal or nominal head and a non-subject clausal argument. | Il 63% dei francesi ha imposto al presidente di rinunciare alla sua bomba È giunto il momento di creare un'area denuclearizzata |
aux | auxiliary | Relation between a verb and its auxiliary or between a verbal head and a modal verb. | Il corazziere è stato individuato Il corazziere è stato individuato |
aux_pass | passive auxiliary | Specializes aux when verb is a passive construction (MIDT+, MIDT++) | Il corazziere è stato individuato |
clit | clitic | Relation between a clitic pronoun and a verbal head used in pronominal form. | La sedia si è rotta Non ci rendiamo conto |
comp | complement | Relation between a head and a prepositional complement, whether a modifier or a subcategorized argument. Neutralizes comp_ind, comp_loc, comp_temp, ... |
Fu assassinata da un pazzo |
comp_agent | complement | Agent (MIDT++) |
Fu assassinata da un pazzo |
comp_ind | complement | Indirect complement (MIDT+, MIDT++) |
Ho dato il libro a lui |
con | copulative conjunction | Relation between a copulative conjunction or disjunction in coordinate structures and the first conjunct or disjunct. |
Una ragazza violentata e sequestrata da due slavi |
concat | concatenation | Relation between tokens forming complex word forms (e.g. complex proper nouns, multi-word expressions and the like). |
Il segretario di De Michelis |
conj | conjunct linked by a copulative conjunction (con) | Relation between the conjuncts after the first to the previous one. conj is used in association with coordinating copulative conjunctions. |
Una ragazza violentata e sequestrata da due slavi |
det | determiner | Relation between a nominal head and its determiner. |
Una sala ha dovuto essere sgomberata |
mod | modifier | Relation between a head and its adjectival, adverbial, and clausal modifier. For example, noun+adjective, adverb+verb, and phrasal modifiers. Also noun+noun appositive constituents. Neutralizes mod_loc, mod_temp. |
I colori sono sempre gli stessi |
mod_appos | apposition | Specializes mod when apposition (MIDT+, MIDT++) |
Cesare, l'Imperatore dell'impero romano ... |
mod_parataxis | parataxis | Specializes mod when parataxis (MIDT+, MIDT++) |
Anche Maria, ricorda Wojtyla, portò il peso di una storica emarginazione |
mod_temp | temporal modifier | Specializes mod when nominal temporal modifier (MIDT+, MIDT++) |
Scoperto 75 anni fa |
neg | negative | Negative modifier (“no” or “non”) | A volte non dormo |
obj | direct object | Relation between a verbal head and its direct object (always non-clausal). |
Hanno un modo di ragionare rozzo |
pred | predicative complement | Relation between a head and a predicative complement, be it subject or object predicative. Neutralizes pred_loc, pred_temp. |
L'incontro è stato fatale
|
prep | preposition | Relation between a prepositional head and its complement, whether clausal or non-clausal. | Un contributo alla lotta contro la criminalità Un contributo alla lotta contro la criminalità |
punc | punctuation | Relation between a word token and a punctuation mark. |
Teatro della tragedia , ... |
relcl | relative clause modifier | Relation between the verbal head of a relative clause and its nominal head in the higher clause. |
Box che è stato trovato nel pomeriggio |
ROOT | sentence root | Head of sentence. |
Desidero [2] dormire. |
sub | subordinate clause | Relation between a subordinative conjunction and the verbal head of its clausal complement. |
Ha detto che non intendeva fare nulla |
subj | subject | Relation between an active verb and its subject. It is also used to mark clausal subjects. [3] |
il testimone ha parlato subito |
subj_pass | passive subject | Relation between a passive verb and its subject. |
I missionari erano stati rapiti la mattina presto |
Notes
- ↑ The relcl relation is also used in case of free relatives, linking the verbal head of the free relative to the chi pronoun (which in turn is directly linked to its governor)
- ↑ Only the dependent is shown, since the head is a fictitious root node
- ↑ When the subject is not explicit, as it occurs in pro-drop languages like Italian, the subject relation is not present: the morpho-syntactic features of the subject, can be induced from the inflectional features of the verb.